Exploratory Analyses Phonotactics

Participants

In this analysis, children with >50% accuracy on non-cognate words in English CLT are excluded in the analysis.

1st grade/class	2nd grade/class	keep
49	40	Current Keepers
6	11	Children with >50% accuracy on non-cognate words in English CLT
NA	7	English CLT still needs to be coded
3	8	No questionnaire data
2	NA	Child has reported hearing problems
1	NA	Child has SLD
NA	1	Child has ADHD
1	NA	Child is suspected to have autism
3	NA	Child did not want to continue
2	NA	Questionnaire was started but not completed

Recognition: Boundary Type and Word Status

This analysis is only on short words.

Main Analysis: Word Status by Boundary Type

Long words have been removed

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type + (1 | subject_nr) +  
##     (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7629.6   7670.4  -3808.8   7617.6     6687 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.7788 -0.6404 -0.3642  0.7389  4.8986 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1073   0.3276  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6604   0.8126  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                             Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                 -0.45350    0.09581  -4.733 2.21e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                 1.79388    0.05980  29.997  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1               0.01271    0.05764   0.221    0.825    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1  0.08638    0.11512   0.750    0.453    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1
## Word_Stats1 -0.051              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.003 -0.004       
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.002  0.012 -0.137

Role of Phonological Awareness, with control variables Ravens IQ, Working Memory, and German CLT

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Phoneme_Manipulation.c +  
##     RAVENS_IQ + Ger_CLT_Prod.c + WM_BackDigitSpan.c + (1 | subject_nr) +  
##     (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7289.6   7377.5  -3631.8   7263.6     6375 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.2810 -0.6456 -0.3585  0.7300  4.5681 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1114   0.3338  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.5462   0.7390  
## Number of obs: 6388, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 85
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                     Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                         1.563060   0.749617   2.085
## Word_Status1                                        1.778519   0.061284  29.021
## Boundary_Type1                                     -0.009078   0.059325  -0.153
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                              0.004904   0.028631   0.171
## RAVENS_IQ                                          -0.019800   0.007382  -2.682
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                     -0.069705   0.043996  -1.584
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                 -0.112356   0.112565  -0.998
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                         0.080855   0.118411   0.683
## Word_Status1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                 0.118062   0.018605   6.346
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c              -0.013835   0.018232  -0.759
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c  0.022182   0.036644   0.605
##                                                    Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                         0.03706 *  
## Word_Status1                                        < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                      0.87838    
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                              0.86401    
## RAVENS_IQ                                           0.00731 ** 
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                      0.11312    
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                  0.31821    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                         0.49471    
## Word_Status1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                2.21e-10 ***
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c               0.44793    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c  0.54496    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 Phn_M. RAVENS G_CLT_ WM_BDS Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:P
## Word_Stats1  0.015                                                            
## Bondry_Typ1  0.000 -0.014                                                     
## Phnm_Mnplt.  0.146 -0.017  0.004                                              
## RAVENS_IQ   -0.993 -0.022  0.001 -0.145                                       
## Gr_CLT_Prd. -0.073 -0.013 -0.001 -0.061  0.074                                
## WM_BckDgtS.  0.057 -0.005  0.002 -0.383 -0.058 -0.294                         
## Wrd_S1:B_T1  0.000  0.017 -0.143 -0.006  0.000  0.002  0.000                  
## Wrd_S1:P_M. -0.007  0.085 -0.015 -0.079  0.004  0.015  0.014  0.013           
## Bnd_T1:P_M.  0.000 -0.016  0.081  0.012  0.000 -0.001  0.001 -0.075     -0.032
## W_S1:B_T1:P  0.001  0.025 -0.078 -0.007 -0.002  0.000  0.001  0.075      0.039
##             B_T1:P
## Word_Stats1       
## Bondry_Typ1       
## Phnm_Mnplt.       
## RAVENS_IQ         
## Gr_CLT_Prd.       
## WM_BckDgtS.       
## Wrd_S1:B_T1       
## Wrd_S1:P_M.       
## Bnd_T1:P_M.       
## W_S1:B_T1:P -0.203
## optimizer (bobyqa) convergence code: 1 (bobyqa -- maximum number of function evaluations exceeded)
## Model failed to converge with max|grad| = 0.0262871 (tol = 0.002, component 1)
## Model is nearly unidentifiable: very large eigenvalue
##  - Rescale variables?

d’ analyses

## Linear mixed model fit by REML. t-tests use Satterthwaite's method [
## lmerModLmerTest]
## Formula: dprime ~ 1 + Boundary_Type + Phoneme_Manipulation.c + RAVENS_IQ +  
##     Ger_CLT_Prod.c + WM_BackDigitSpan.c + (1 | subject_nr)
##    Data: d_calc
## 
## REML criterion at convergence: 394.2
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
## -1.95107 -0.56779 -0.01651  0.57857  1.79337 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups     Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  subject_nr (Intercept) 0.4262   0.6528  
##  Residual               0.2494   0.4994  
## Number of obs: 170, groups:  subject_nr, 85
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                        Estimate Std. Error       df t value Pr(>|t|)  
## (Intercept)            -0.64548    0.70444 79.99999  -0.916   0.3623  
## Boundary_Type1          0.08682    0.07661 84.00000   1.133   0.2603  
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c  0.02280    0.02682 80.00000   0.850   0.3978  
## RAVENS_IQ               0.01710    0.00694 79.99999   2.465   0.0159 *
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c          0.04278    0.04147 80.00000   1.031   0.3054  
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c      0.20086    0.10549 80.00000   1.904   0.0605 .
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Phn_M. RAVENS G_CLT_
## Bondry_Typ1  0.000                            
## Phnm_Mnplt.  0.145  0.000                     
## RAVENS_IQ   -0.993  0.000 -0.145              
## Gr_CLT_Prd. -0.068  0.000 -0.056  0.069       
## WM_BckDgtS.  0.057  0.000 -0.384 -0.057 -0.300

Experiment Task Variables

Trial by Word Status by Boundary Type

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Trial.c + (1 |  
##     subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7622.0   7690.1  -3801.0   7602.0     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.8537 -0.6372 -0.3595  0.7378  5.1752 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1088   0.3299  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6616   0.8134  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                       Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                         -0.4552282  0.0959716  -4.743  2.1e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                         1.7989554  0.0599657  30.000  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                       0.0158672  0.0577865   0.275  0.78364    
## Trial.c                              0.0015312  0.0008352   1.833  0.06676 .  
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1          0.0825226  0.1154226   0.715  0.47463    
## Word_Status1:Trial.c                -0.0054726  0.0016736  -3.270  0.00108 ** 
## Boundary_Type1:Trial.c              -0.0022780  0.0016747  -1.360  0.17375    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Trial.c  0.0039891  0.0033490   1.191  0.23360    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 Tril.c Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:T B_T1:T
## Word_Stats1 -0.052                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.003 -0.001                                       
## Trial.c     -0.011  0.028  0.003                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1  0.000  0.009 -0.140 -0.019                         
## Wrd_Stt1:T.  0.008 -0.044 -0.020 -0.143  0.006                  
## Bndry_T1:T.  0.002 -0.018 -0.036  0.013  0.023      0.009       
## W_S1:B_T1:T -0.006  0.006  0.023  0.005 -0.038      0.010 -0.144
## optimizer (bobyqa) convergence code: 0 (OK)
## Model is nearly unidentifiable: very large eigenvalue
##  - Rescale variables?

Counterbalance List by Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

## # A tibble: 6 × 2
##   List  total_participants
##   <fct>              <int>
## 1 A                     19
## 2 B                     13
## 3 C                     16
## 4 D                     12
## 5 E                     13
## 6 F                     16

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * List + (1 | subject_nr) +  
##     (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7644.1   7821.1  -3796.0   7592.1     6667 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.7109 -0.6405 -0.3642  0.7353  5.1646 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.08812  0.2968  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.64102  0.8006  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                     Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                       -0.5401773  0.1983455  -2.723  0.00646 ** 
## Word_Status1                       2.0713897  0.1508423  13.732  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                    -0.0510316  0.1466781  -0.348  0.72790    
## ListB                             -0.1144524  0.3065478  -0.373  0.70888    
## ListC                              0.4017207  0.2892368   1.389  0.16486    
## ListD                              0.0001253  0.3147021   0.000  0.99968    
## ListE                              0.0918466  0.3071140   0.299  0.76489    
## ListF                              0.1058706  0.2894311   0.366  0.71452    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1        0.4738669  0.2934780   1.615  0.10638    
## Word_Status1:ListB                -0.3649597  0.2195284  -1.662  0.09642 .  
## Word_Status1:ListC                -0.4630829  0.2212815  -2.093  0.03637 *  
## Word_Status1:ListD                -0.5025596  0.2375140  -2.116  0.03435 *  
## Word_Status1:ListE                -0.3416773  0.2331419  -1.466  0.14278    
## Word_Status1:ListF                -0.0659844  0.2120473  -0.311  0.75567    
## Boundary_Type1:ListB               0.0422649  0.2351212   0.180  0.85734    
## Boundary_Type1:ListC               0.2207515  0.1959880   1.126  0.26002    
## Boundary_Type1:ListD              -0.0715815  0.2331166  -0.307  0.75880    
## Boundary_Type1:ListE              -0.1146578  0.2095473  -0.547  0.58426    
## Boundary_Type1:ListF               0.2462349  0.2271838   1.084  0.27843    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:ListB -0.9050112  0.4513821  -2.005  0.04497 *  
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:ListC -0.3551381  0.4346282  -0.817  0.41387    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:ListD -0.5785914  0.4269346  -1.355  0.17535    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:ListE -0.9091466  0.4591512  -1.980  0.04770 *  
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:ListF  0.2979585  0.4347249   0.685  0.49309    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Word Length (monosyllabic, bisyllabic)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * sylls + (1 | subject_nr) +  
##     (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7630.7   7698.8  -3805.4   7610.7     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.9684 -0.6401 -0.3654  0.7394  4.7996 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.09858  0.3140  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.66034  0.8126  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                    Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                        -0.45343    0.09543  -4.751 2.02e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                        1.79448    0.05981  30.001  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                      0.01142    0.05768   0.198   0.8431    
## sylls1                             -0.18840    0.08127  -2.318   0.0204 *  
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1         0.08596    0.11520   0.746   0.4556    
## Word_Status1:sylls1                 0.05422    0.11540   0.470   0.6385    
## Boundary_Type1:sylls1               0.07097    0.11535   0.615   0.5384    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:sylls1  0.22518    0.23033   0.978   0.3282    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 sylls1 Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:1 B_T1:1
## Word_Stats1 -0.051                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.003 -0.006                                       
## sylls1       0.004 -0.027  0.004                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.002  0.012 -0.138 -0.001                         
## Wrd_Stts1:1 -0.010  0.016 -0.001 -0.098  0.005                  
## Bndry_Ty1:1  0.001  0.001  0.015  0.009 -0.032     -0.006       
## W_S1:B_T1:1  0.000  0.006 -0.032 -0.004  0.015      0.012 -0.138

Onset Boundary Context (sibilant, nonsibilant)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Context1 + (1 |  
##     subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7633.9   7702.0  -3807.0   7613.9     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.9844 -0.6425 -0.3646  0.7395  4.9405 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1057   0.3252  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6613   0.8132  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                       Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                           -0.45321    0.09580  -4.731 2.24e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                           1.79478    0.05982  30.003  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                         0.01242    0.05766   0.215    0.829    
## Context11                              0.06858    0.08271   0.829    0.407    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1            0.08599    0.11517   0.747    0.455    
## Word_Status1:Context11                 0.15565    0.11542   1.349    0.177    
## Boundary_Type1:Context11              -0.11036    0.11531  -0.957    0.339    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Context11  0.05952    0.23027   0.258    0.796    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 Cntx11 Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:C B_T1:C
## Word_Stats1 -0.051                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.003 -0.005                                       
## Context11    0.001  0.008  0.008                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.002  0.012 -0.137 -0.008                         
## Wrd_St1:C11  0.002  0.012 -0.011 -0.096  0.011                  
## Bndr_T1:C11  0.003 -0.011  0.008  0.009  0.009     -0.005       
## W_S1:B_T1:C -0.003  0.011  0.009 -0.003  0.007      0.012 -0.137

Coda Boundary Context (liquid, stop, vowel, fricative)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Context2 + (1 |  
##     subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7648.5   7771.1  -3806.3   7612.5     6675 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.7250 -0.6409 -0.3639  0.7374  4.8753 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1063   0.3261  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6615   0.8133  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                       Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                           -0.48292    0.10464  -4.615 3.93e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                           1.87414    0.08461  22.150  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                        -0.03905    0.08331  -0.469    0.639    
## Context22                              0.06698    0.08529   0.785    0.432    
## Context23                             -0.07867    0.23239  -0.339    0.735    
## Context24                              0.12888    0.32669   0.394    0.693    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1            0.11106    0.16561   0.671    0.502    
## Word_Status1:Context22                -0.15731    0.11992  -1.312    0.190    
## Word_Status1:Context23                -0.22004    0.32311  -0.681    0.496    
## Word_Status1:Context24                 0.01902    0.45615   0.042    0.967    
## Boundary_Type1:Context22               0.11269    0.12118   0.930    0.352    
## Boundary_Type1:Context23               0.10626    0.32241   0.330    0.742    
## Boundary_Type1:Context24              -0.25752    0.45732  -0.563    0.573    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Context22 -0.10545    0.23925  -0.441    0.659    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Context23  0.40597    0.64111   0.633    0.527    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Context24  0.37401    0.91368   0.409    0.682    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Participant Variables: Predictors

Correlation Individual Differences

Take with a grain of salt, these scores are the “grob” ones coded during the experiment and for some participants there are missing values (for unsure codes), but this should be fairly close to what the final coded values will be.

Phonological Awareness by Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

Phoneme Manipulation task score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Phoneme_Manipulation.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7502.2   7570.1  -3741.1   7482.2     6605 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.1064 -0.6425 -0.3526  0.7225  4.8051 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1125   0.3354  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6455   0.8034  
## Number of obs: 6615, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 88
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                      Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                        -0.4595137  0.0957361
## Word_Status1                                        1.8025896  0.0606067
## Boundary_Type1                                      0.0004219  0.0585965
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                             -0.0276387  0.0273505
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                         0.1066681  0.1169827
## Word_Status1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                 0.1254180  0.0186423
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c              -0.0149841  0.0182177
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c  0.0257413  0.0366452
##                                                    z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                         -4.800 1.59e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                                        29.742  < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                       0.007    0.994    
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                              -1.011    0.312    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                          0.912    0.362    
## Word_Status1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                  6.728 1.72e-11 ***
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c               -0.823    0.411    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c   0.702    0.482    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 Phn_M. Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:P B_T1:P
## Word_Stats1 -0.056                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.006 -0.013                                       
## Phnm_Mnplt.  0.008 -0.027  0.006                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.004  0.018 -0.150 -0.007                         
## Wrd_S1:P_M. -0.026  0.084 -0.016 -0.075  0.013                  
## Bnd_T1:P_M.  0.006 -0.018  0.077  0.014 -0.074     -0.033       
## W_S1:B_T1:P -0.008  0.028 -0.079 -0.008  0.072      0.043 -0.207

Onset/Rhyme Score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * Onset_Rhyme.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7383.6   7451.4  -3681.8   7363.6     6533 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.7530 -0.6535 -0.3327  0.7222  6.4792 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1103   0.3321  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6244   0.7902  
## Number of obs: 6543, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 87
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                           Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
## (Intercept)                               -0.47774    0.09500  -5.029 4.94e-07
## Word_Status1                               1.81930    0.06173  29.470  < 2e-16
## Boundary_Type1                            -0.01649    0.05971  -0.276  0.78248
## Onset_Rhyme.c                             -0.05796    0.02128  -2.724  0.00645
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                0.13154    0.11924   1.103  0.26997
## Word_Status1:Onset_Rhyme.c                 0.13073    0.01455   8.982  < 2e-16
## Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c              -0.03063    0.01424  -2.151  0.03151
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c  0.02525    0.02848   0.886  0.37538
##                                              
## (Intercept)                               ***
## Word_Status1                              ***
## Boundary_Type1                               
## Onset_Rhyme.c                             ** 
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                  
## Word_Status1:Onset_Rhyme.c                ***
## Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c              *  
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 Ons_R. Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:O B_T1:O
## Word_Stats1 -0.066                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.011 -0.029                                       
## Onst_Rhym.c  0.017 -0.051  0.013                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.009  0.033 -0.177 -0.012                         
## Wrd_S1:O_R. -0.046  0.146 -0.039 -0.074  0.035                  
## Bnd_T1:O_R.  0.012 -0.040  0.130  0.015 -0.130     -0.040       
## W_S1:B_T1:O -0.011  0.036 -0.132 -0.013  0.133      0.043 -0.199

Grade

Approximation for now for L1 knowledge

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * DEMO_SchoolGrade +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7552.4   7620.5  -3766.2   7532.4     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.9262 -0.6385 -0.3313  0.7273  5.7339 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1104   0.3323  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6404   0.8002  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                 Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                   -0.4853588  0.0954496  -5.085
## Word_Status1                                   1.8788951  0.0619619  30.323
## Boundary_Type1                                 0.0004864  0.0595467   0.008
## DEMO_SchoolGrade1                              0.2802017  0.1808817   1.549
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                    0.1216073  0.1189759   1.022
## Word_Status1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1                -1.0992089  0.1222634  -8.990
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1               0.0803641  0.1188992   0.676
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1 -0.2933841  0.2385684  -1.230
##                                               Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                   3.68e-07 ***
## Word_Status1                                   < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                   0.993    
## DEMO_SchoolGrade1                                0.121    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                      0.307    
## Word_Status1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1                 < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1                 0.499    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade1    0.219    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 DEMO_S Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:D B_T1:D
## Word_Stats1 -0.067                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.008 -0.017                                       
## DEMO_SchlG1 -0.105  0.042 -0.009                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.006  0.027 -0.180  0.007                         
## W_S1:DEMO_S  0.040 -0.224  0.017 -0.066 -0.026                  
## B_T1:DEMO_S -0.009  0.020 -0.201  0.009  0.116     -0.018       
## W_S1:B_T1:D  0.008 -0.036  0.116 -0.007 -0.203      0.029 -0.180

Age

Approximation for now for L1 knowledge

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Status * Boundary_Type * DEMO_AgeYears.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7371.4   7439.2  -3675.7   7351.4     6456 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.6744 -0.6352 -0.3535  0.7324  5.3451 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1070   0.3271  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6321   0.7950  
## Number of obs: 6466, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 86
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                              Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                 -0.439213   0.095634  -4.593
## Word_Status1                                 1.785130   0.061059  29.236
## Boundary_Type1                               0.001545   0.058953   0.026
## DEMO_AgeYears.c                             -0.130414   0.120749  -1.080
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                  0.067066   0.117728   0.570
## Word_Status1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                 0.582941   0.080400   7.251
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c              -0.029558   0.078663  -0.376
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c  0.088899   0.157919   0.563
##                                             Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                 4.38e-06 ***
## Word_Status1                                 < 2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                 0.979    
## DEMO_AgeYears.c                                0.280    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1                    0.569    
## Word_Status1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                4.15e-13 ***
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                 0.707    
## Word_Status1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c    0.573    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wrd_S1 Bnd_T1 DEMO_A Wr_S1:B_T1 W_S1:D B_T1:D
## Word_Stats1 -0.054                                              
## Bondry_Typ1  0.004 -0.008                                       
## DEMO_AgYrs.  0.015 -0.025  0.003                                
## Wrd_S1:B_T1 -0.003  0.014 -0.145 -0.003                         
## W_S1:DEMO_A -0.024  0.092 -0.005 -0.057  0.009                  
## B_T1:DEMO_A  0.004 -0.008  0.074  0.006 -0.072     -0.008       
## W_S1:B_T1:D -0.005  0.018 -0.070 -0.002  0.076      0.019 -0.158

German Production CLT

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * Ger_CLT_Prod.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7609.5   7677.6  -3794.8   7589.5     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.4788 -0.6417 -0.3562  0.7412  5.1954 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1075   0.3279  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6419   0.8012  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                            Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
## (Intercept)                                -0.46151    0.09479  -4.869 1.12e-06
## Boundary_Type1                              0.01240    0.05793   0.214   0.8305
## Word_Status1                                1.80678    0.06018  30.023  < 2e-16
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                             -0.08247    0.04366  -1.889   0.0589
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                 0.08692    0.11571   0.751   0.4525
## Boundary_Type1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c              -0.02973    0.02700  -1.101   0.2708
## Word_Status1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                 0.13448    0.02771   4.854 1.21e-06
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c -0.03663    0.05405  -0.678   0.4980
##                                               
## (Intercept)                                ***
## Boundary_Type1                                
## Word_Status1                               ***
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                             .  
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                   
## Boundary_Type1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                 
## Word_Status1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 G_CLT_ Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:G W_S1:G
## Bondry_Typ1  0.004                                              
## Word_Stats1 -0.055 -0.006                                       
## Gr_CLT_Prd.  0.010 -0.001 -0.023                                
## Bnd_T1:W_S1 -0.002 -0.146  0.012  0.000                         
## B_T1:G_CLT_ -0.001  0.050 -0.002  0.001 -0.051                  
## W_S1:G_CLT_ -0.019 -0.002  0.071 -0.022 -0.005     -0.003       
## B_T1:W_S1:G  0.001 -0.048 -0.002 -0.002  0.051     -0.052  0.000

Participant Variables: Exploratory

Language Background (Monolingual, Bilingual)

## # A tibble: 2 × 2
##   LANG_Bilingual total_participants
##   <fct>                       <int>
## 1 monolingual                    71
## 2 bilingual                      18

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.           group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df      p
## * <chr>         <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>
## 1 DEMO_AgeYears monolingual bilingual    69    17      2.41  29.8 0.0223

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.       group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>     <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 RAVENS_IQ monolingual bilingual    69    17     -1.06  23.2 0.298

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.              group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>            <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 WM_BackDigitSpan monolingual bilingual    71    18      1.07  22.5 0.295

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.          group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df      p
## * <chr>        <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>
## 1 Ger_CLT_Prod monolingual bilingual    71    18      2.33  18.8 0.0308

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.                group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>              <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 NWRT_total_correct monolingual bilingual    71    18   -0.0452  26.1 0.964

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.                  group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>                <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Phoneme_Manipulation monolingual bilingual    70    18      1.45  27.6 0.159

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.         group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>       <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Onset_Rhyme monolingual bilingual    70    17    -0.241  27.2 0.812

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.           group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>         <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 ENG_CLT_score monolingual bilingual    70    18    -0.390  29.1   0.7

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * LANG_Bilingual +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7623.7   7691.8  -3801.8   7603.7     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.9211 -0.6422 -0.3611  0.7435  4.7264 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1050   0.3241  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6467   0.8042  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                             Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                 -0.40877    0.11605  -3.522
## Boundary_Type1                               0.04013    0.07081   0.567
## Word_Status1                                 1.63824    0.07281  22.500
## LANG_Bilingual1                             -0.15936    0.22437  -0.710
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                  0.05035    0.14139   0.356
## Boundary_Type1:LANG_Bilingual1              -0.09855    0.14155  -0.696
## Word_Status1:LANG_Bilingual1                 0.52690    0.14493   3.636
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:LANG_Bilingual1  0.13252    0.28343   0.468
##                                             Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                 0.000428 ***
## Boundary_Type1                              0.570841    
## Word_Status1                                 < 2e-16 ***
## LANG_Bilingual1                             0.477561    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                 0.721794    
## Boundary_Type1:LANG_Bilingual1              0.486285    
## Word_Status1:LANG_Bilingual1                0.000277 ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:LANG_Bilingual1 0.640104    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 LANG_B Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:L W_S1:L
## Bondry_Typ1  0.002                                              
## Word_Stats1 -0.032  0.006                                       
## LANG_Blngl1 -0.575  0.000  0.005                                
## Bnd_T1:W_S1  0.002 -0.077  0.006 -0.003                         
## B_T1:LANG_B  0.000 -0.578 -0.010  0.002  0.005                  
## W_S1:LANG_B  0.007 -0.012 -0.569 -0.029 -0.002      0.009       
## B_T1:W_S1:L -0.003  0.011  0.003  0.000 -0.578     -0.075  0.007

English CLT

Overall performance

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * ENG_CLT_score.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7490.9   7558.9  -3735.5   7470.9     6605 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.6681 -0.6422 -0.3393  0.7429  4.0436 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1058   0.3253  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6574   0.8108  
## Number of obs: 6615, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 88
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                              Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                 -0.453009   0.096126  -4.713
## Boundary_Type1                               0.029604   0.058384   0.507
## Word_Status1                                 1.790086   0.060629  29.525
## ENG_CLT_score.c                              0.002066   0.009060   0.228
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                  0.066308   0.116722   0.568
## Boundary_Type1:ENG_CLT_score.c               0.001128   0.005728   0.197
## Word_Status1:ENG_CLT_score.c                 0.047399   0.005852   8.099
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:ENG_CLT_score.c -0.024443   0.011459  -2.133
##                                             Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                 2.44e-06 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                0.6121    
## Word_Status1                                 < 2e-16 ***
## ENG_CLT_score.c                               0.8196    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                   0.5700    
## Boundary_Type1:ENG_CLT_score.c                0.8439    
## Word_Status1:ENG_CLT_score.c                5.54e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:ENG_CLT_score.c   0.0329 *  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 ENG_CL Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:E W_S1:E
## Bondry_Typ1  0.000                                              
## Word_Stats1 -0.052  0.002                                       
## ENG_CLT_sc.  0.010 -0.005 -0.009                                
## Bnd_T1:W_S1  0.000 -0.141  0.001  0.007                         
## B_T1:ENG_CL -0.005  0.062  0.019 -0.002 -0.038                  
## W_S1:ENG_CL -0.012  0.021  0.083 -0.048 -0.020     -0.002       
## B_T1:W_S1:E  0.006 -0.041 -0.014  0.000  0.058     -0.132 -0.005

Ravens Matricies IQ score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * RAVENS_IQ.c + (1 |  
##     subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7358.8   7426.6  -3669.4   7338.8     6456 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.1042 -0.6558 -0.3345  0.7412  7.8396 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1153   0.3396  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.5955   0.7717  
## Number of obs: 6466, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 86
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                          Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)
## (Intercept)                             -0.457396   0.093902  -4.871 1.11e-06
## Boundary_Type1                          -0.000789   0.059620  -0.013  0.98944
## Word_Status1                             1.809855   0.061751  29.309  < 2e-16
## RAVENS_IQ.c                             -0.025177   0.007598  -3.314  0.00092
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1              0.068469   0.119004   0.575  0.56506
## Boundary_Type1:RAVENS_IQ.c              -0.003055   0.005285  -0.578  0.56323
## Word_Status1:RAVENS_IQ.c                 0.041657   0.005549   7.507 6.03e-14
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:RAVENS_IQ.c -0.001355   0.010580  -0.128  0.89810
##                                            
## (Intercept)                             ***
## Boundary_Type1                             
## Word_Status1                            ***
## RAVENS_IQ.c                             ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                
## Boundary_Type1:RAVENS_IQ.c                 
## Word_Status1:RAVENS_IQ.c                ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:RAVENS_IQ.c    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 RAVENS Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:R W_S1:R
## Bondry_Typ1  0.005                                              
## Word_Stats1 -0.065 -0.009                                       
## RAVENS_IQ.c  0.022  0.004 -0.057                                
## Bnd_T1:W_S1 -0.003 -0.169  0.015 -0.003                         
## B_T1:RAVENS  0.002  0.129 -0.010  0.004 -0.132                  
## W_S1:RAVENS -0.053 -0.011  0.154 -0.109  0.007     -0.002       
## B_T1:W_S1:R -0.004 -0.137  0.008 -0.004  0.130     -0.250  0.012

Backwards Digit Span

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * WM_BackDigitSpan.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7589.3   7657.3  -3784.6   7569.3     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0189 -0.6406 -0.3600  0.7348  4.8463 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1107   0.3327  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6159   0.7848  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                 Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                    -0.464642   0.093409  -4.974
## Boundary_Type1                                  0.005561   0.058091   0.096
## Word_Status1                                    1.799530   0.060109  29.938
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                             -0.192008   0.100111  -1.918
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                     0.101710   0.116002   0.877
## Boundary_Type1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c              -0.033119   0.067704  -0.489
## Word_Status1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                 0.452031   0.069174   6.535
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c  0.211307   0.135306   1.562
##                                                Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                    6.55e-07 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                   0.9237    
## Word_Status1                                    < 2e-16 ***
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                               0.0551 .  
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                      0.3806    
## Boundary_Type1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                0.6247    
## Word_Status1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                6.37e-11 ***
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c   0.1184    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 WM_BDS Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:WM W_S1:W
## Bondry_Typ1  0.006                                               
## Word_Stats1 -0.058 -0.011                                        
## WM_BckDgtS.  0.018  0.008 -0.021                                 
## Bnd_T1:W_S1 -0.004 -0.151  0.019 -0.003                          
## B_T1:WM_BDS  0.008  0.051 -0.012  0.009 -0.052                   
## W_S1:WM_BDS -0.020 -0.013  0.060 -0.032  0.025     -0.016        
## B_T1:W_S1:W -0.003 -0.052  0.027 -0.007  0.049     -0.094   0.022

NonWord Repetition Task

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Status * NWRT_total_correct.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   7630.6   7698.7  -3805.3   7610.6     6683 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.5543 -0.6359 -0.3691  0.7390  5.0159 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1089   0.3299  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6535   0.8084  
## Number of obs: 6693, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                  Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                      -0.45526    0.09548  -4.768
## Boundary_Type1                                    0.01129    0.05771   0.196
## Word_Status1                                      1.79343    0.05982  29.979
## NWRT_total_correct.c                             -0.02785    0.04384  -0.635
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                       0.08617    0.11525   0.748
## Boundary_Type1:NWRT_total_correct.c               0.01176    0.02762   0.426
## Word_Status1:NWRT_total_correct.c                 0.07107    0.02820   2.520
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:NWRT_total_correct.c  0.02512    0.05522   0.455
##                                                  Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                      1.86e-06 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                     0.8449    
## Word_Status1                                      < 2e-16 ***
## NWRT_total_correct.c                               0.5252    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1                        0.4546    
## Boundary_Type1:NWRT_total_correct.c                0.6702    
## Word_Status1:NWRT_total_correct.c                  0.0117 *  
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Status1:NWRT_total_correct.c   0.6491    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wrd_S1 NWRT__ Bn_T1:W_S1 B_T1:N W_S1:N
## Bondry_Typ1  0.004                                              
## Word_Stats1 -0.052 -0.005                                       
## NWRT_ttl_c.  0.005  0.001 -0.010                                
## Bnd_T1:W_S1 -0.002 -0.138  0.012 -0.001                         
## B_T1:NWRT__  0.001  0.016 -0.005  0.002 -0.021                  
## W_S1:NWRT__ -0.010 -0.006  0.017 -0.041  0.003      0.001       
## B_T1:W_S1:N -0.001 -0.025  0.004  0.001  0.016     -0.121  0.009

Role of Phonotactics on Target Detection

In these analyses, only the targets are analyzed

Main Analysis: Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type + (1 |  
##     subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8485.5   8526.4  -4236.8   8473.5     6674 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0438 -0.9085  0.4626  0.8076  3.3757 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1873   0.4328  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6528   0.8080  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                       Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                            0.18681    0.09816   1.903    0.057 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                -0.49784    0.05358  -9.292   <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                         0.05165    0.05342   0.967    0.334    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1 -0.02506    0.10669  -0.235    0.814    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1
## Wrd_Cndd_L1 -0.004               
## Bondry_Typ1  0.001 -0.005        
## W_C_L1:B_T1 -0.002  0.005  -0.014

Role of Phonological Awareness, with control variables Ravens IQ, Working Memory, and German CLT

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Phoneme_Manipulation.c +  
##     RAVENS_IQ + Ger_CLT_Prod.c + WM_BackDigitSpan.c + (1 | subject_nr) +  
##     (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8115.1   8203.0  -4044.6   8089.1     6361 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0638 -0.9159  0.4694  0.8040  3.1987 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1834   0.4282  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6219   0.7886  
## Number of obs: 6374, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 85
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                                Estimate
## (Intercept)                                                   1.0279911
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                       -0.5073741
## Boundary_Type1                                                0.0388953
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                        0.0342386
## RAVENS_IQ                                                    -0.0082382
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                               -0.0453809
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                           -0.0207573
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                        -0.0006482
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                -0.0221738
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                        -0.0049610
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c -0.0058288
##                                                              Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                                   0.7882651   1.304
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                        0.0548409  -9.252
## Boundary_Type1                                                0.0546875   0.711
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                        0.0299451   1.143
## RAVENS_IQ                                                     0.0077558  -1.062
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                                0.0462795  -0.981
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                            0.1184273  -0.175
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                         0.1092666  -0.006
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                 0.0162176  -1.367
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                         0.0162193  -0.306
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c  0.0325957  -0.179
##                                                              Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                                     0.192    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                         <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                                  0.477    
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                          0.253    
## RAVENS_IQ                                                       0.288    
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                                  0.327    
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                              0.861    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                           0.995    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                   0.172    
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                           0.760    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c    0.858    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 Phn_M. RAVENS G_CLT_ WM_BDS Wr_C_L1:B_T1
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004                                                        
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.004                                                 
## Phnm_Mnplt.   0.146 -0.006   0.001                                         
## RAVENS_IQ    -0.992  0.003  -0.001 -0.146                                  
## Gr_CLT_Prd.  -0.068  0.001   0.000 -0.058  0.069                           
## WM_BckDgtS.   0.054  0.000   0.000 -0.385 -0.056 -0.292                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1  0.001  0.003  -0.016  0.001 -0.001  0.000 -0.001             
## W_C_L1:P_M.   0.001  0.003   0.005 -0.006 -0.001 -0.001 -0.006  0.002      
## Bnd_T1:P_M.   0.001  0.006   0.010  0.002 -0.001 -0.001  0.002 -0.015      
## W_C_L1:B_T1: -0.002  0.006  -0.015  0.000  0.002  0.000 -0.001 -0.002      
##              W_C_L1:P B_T1:P
## Wrd_Cndd_L1                 
## Bondry_Typ1                 
## Phnm_Mnplt.                 
## RAVENS_IQ                   
## Gr_CLT_Prd.                 
## WM_BckDgtS.                 
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1                
## W_C_L1:P_M.                 
## Bnd_T1:P_M.  -0.015         
## W_C_L1:B_T1:  0.009   -0.033
## optimizer (bobyqa) convergence code: 1 (bobyqa -- maximum number of function evaluations exceeded)
## Model failed to converge with max|grad| = 0.00218976 (tol = 0.002, component 1)
## Model is nearly unidentifiable: very large eigenvalue
##  - Rescale variables?

Experiment Task Variables

Trial by Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Trial.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8486.0   8554.1  -4233.0   8466.0     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.1391 -0.9030  0.4624  0.8078  3.3661 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1894   0.4351  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6554   0.8096  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                 Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                    0.1868478  0.0984112   1.899
## Word_Candidate_Length1                        -0.5011913  0.0536462  -9.343
## Boundary_Type1                                 0.0535608  0.0534859   1.001
## Trial.c                                       -0.0020166  0.0007765  -2.597
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1         -0.0256015  0.1068171  -0.240
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Trial.c                -0.0007785  0.0015579  -0.500
## Boundary_Type1:Trial.c                        -0.0011268  0.0015543  -0.725
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Trial.c -0.0005788  0.0031166  -0.186
##                                               Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                     0.0576 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                          <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                  0.3166    
## Trial.c                                         0.0094 ** 
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1           0.8106    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Trial.c                  0.6173    
## Boundary_Type1:Trial.c                          0.4685    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Trial.c   0.8527    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 Tril.c Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:T B_T1:T
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.006                                            
## Trial.c      -0.001  0.030  -0.016                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.002  0.005  -0.014 -0.001                             
## Wrd_C_L1:T.   0.008 -0.003   0.000  0.001 -0.017                      
## Bndry_T1:T.  -0.004 -0.001  -0.005  0.013  0.028       -0.011         
## W_C_L1:B_T1:  0.000 -0.016   0.028 -0.013 -0.003        0.014    0.002
## optimizer (bobyqa) convergence code: 0 (OK)
## Model is nearly unidentifiable: very large eigenvalue
##  - Rescale variables?

Counterbalance List by Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

## # A tibble: 6 × 2
##   List  total_participants
##   <fct>              <int>
## 1 A                     19
## 2 B                     13
## 3 C                     16
## 4 D                     12
## 5 E                     13
## 6 F                     16

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * List +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8492.1   8669.1  -4220.0   8440.1     6654 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8949 -0.9061  0.4568  0.8033  3.7433 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1778   0.4217  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6160   0.7849  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                             Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                  0.20658    0.19569   1.056
## Word_Candidate_Length1                      -0.47255    0.14983  -3.154
## Boundary_Type1                               0.17517    0.14962   1.171
## ListB                                       -0.17056    0.29884  -0.571
## ListC                                        0.31212    0.28420   1.098
## ListD                                       -0.28979    0.30814  -0.940
## ListE                                       -0.13468    0.30065  -0.448
## ListF                                        0.03291    0.28322   0.116
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1       -0.05489    0.29896  -0.184
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListB                 0.16345    0.21336   0.766
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListC                 0.20221    0.23627   0.856
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListD                -0.17619    0.24753  -0.712
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListE                -0.22928    0.24307  -0.943
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListF                -0.17248    0.21050  -0.819
## Boundary_Type1:ListB                        -0.27021    0.25148  -1.074
## Boundary_Type1:ListC                        -0.05486    0.19488  -0.282
## Boundary_Type1:ListD                        -0.32680    0.24717  -1.322
## Boundary_Type1:ListE                        -0.11409    0.20292  -0.562
## Boundary_Type1:ListF                        -0.01327    0.24885  -0.053
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListB  0.28332    0.46599   0.608
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListC -0.13865    0.47201  -0.294
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListD  0.09318    0.41601   0.224
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListE  0.91467    0.48539   1.884
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListF -0.89066    0.46064  -1.934
##                                             Pr(>|z|)   
## (Intercept)                                  0.29112   
## Word_Candidate_Length1                       0.00161 **
## Boundary_Type1                               0.24168   
## ListB                                        0.56818   
## ListC                                        0.27210   
## ListD                                        0.34700   
## ListE                                        0.65419   
## ListF                                        0.90749   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1        0.85432   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListB                 0.44362   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListC                 0.39208   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListD                 0.47659   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListE                 0.34553   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ListF                 0.41255   
## Boundary_Type1:ListB                         0.28261   
## Boundary_Type1:ListC                         0.77832   
## Boundary_Type1:ListD                         0.18611   
## Boundary_Type1:ListE                         0.57393   
## Boundary_Type1:ListF                         0.95746   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListB  0.54319   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListC  0.76895   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListD  0.82276   
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListE  0.05951 . 
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:ListF  0.05317 . 
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Word Length (monosyllabic, bisyllabic)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * sylls +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8489.8   8557.8  -4234.9   8469.8     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.2187 -0.9057  0.4602  0.8089  3.5157 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1848   0.4299  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6529   0.8080  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                              Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                   0.18725    0.09807   1.909
## Word_Candidate_Length1                       -0.49839    0.05359  -9.300
## Boundary_Type1                                0.05096    0.05344   0.954
## sylls1                                       -0.10166    0.09490  -1.071
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1        -0.02309    0.10672  -0.216
## Word_Candidate_Length1:sylls1                 0.10679    0.10684   1.000
## Boundary_Type1:sylls1                         0.12682    0.10688   1.187
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:sylls1 -0.10135    0.21344  -0.475
##                                              Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                    0.0562 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                         <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                 0.3403    
## sylls1                                         0.2841    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1          0.8287    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:sylls1                  0.3175    
## Boundary_Type1:sylls1                          0.2354    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:sylls1   0.6349    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 sylls1 Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:1 B_T1:1
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.005                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.005                                            
## sylls1       -0.001  0.009   0.002                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.001  0.004  -0.015 -0.001                             
## Wrd_Cn_L1:1   0.004 -0.006  -0.002 -0.009  0.003                      
## Bndry_Ty1:1   0.001 -0.002  -0.006  0.002  0.014       -0.004         
## W_C_L1:B_T1: -0.001  0.003   0.014 -0.003 -0.007        0.004   -0.015

Onset Boundary Context (sibilant, nonsibilant)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Context1 +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8487.3   8555.3  -4233.6   8467.3     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.1069 -0.9056  0.4633  0.8060  3.4181 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1802   0.4245  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6536   0.8084  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                 Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                      0.18690    0.09791   1.909
## Word_Candidate_Length1                          -0.49744    0.05359  -9.282
## Boundary_Type1                                   0.05159    0.05344   0.965
## Context11                                        0.17463    0.09410   1.856
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1           -0.02353    0.10673  -0.220
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context11                 0.06562    0.10686   0.614
## Boundary_Type1:Context11                         0.06656    0.10690   0.623
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context11  0.30730    0.21347   1.440
##                                                 Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                       0.0563 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                            <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                    0.3344    
## Context11                                         0.0635 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1             0.8255    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context11                  0.5392    
## Boundary_Type1:Context11                          0.5336    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context11   0.1500    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 Cntx11 Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:C B_T1:C
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.004                                            
## Context11     0.002 -0.007   0.001                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.001  0.005  -0.014  0.001                             
## Wr_C_L1:C11  -0.002  0.011   0.002 -0.008  0.001                      
## Bndr_T1:C11   0.001  0.001   0.011  0.003 -0.009       -0.004         
## W_C_L1:B_T1:  0.001  0.000  -0.009 -0.003  0.012        0.005   -0.013

Coda Boundary Context (liquid, stop, vowel, fricative)

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Context2 +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8504.2   8626.8  -4234.1   8468.2     6662 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0331 -0.9037  0.4617  0.8067  3.3271 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1858   0.4311  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6556   0.8097  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                 Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                      0.22589    0.10925   2.068
## Word_Candidate_Length1                          -0.46255    0.07625  -6.066
## Boundary_Type1                                   0.02427    0.07667   0.317
## Context22                                       -0.08105    0.09782  -0.829
## Context23                                       -0.08601    0.26836  -0.320
## Context24                                        0.05835    0.37617   0.155
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1            0.06283    0.15232   0.413
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context22                -0.09027    0.11104  -0.813
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context23                 0.20802    0.30285   0.687
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context24                -0.21483    0.42685  -0.503
## Boundary_Type1:Context22                         0.05249    0.11264   0.466
## Boundary_Type1:Context23                        -0.01298    0.30189  -0.043
## Boundary_Type1:Context24                         0.07890    0.42893   0.184
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context22 -0.13660    0.22246  -0.614
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context23 -0.91153    0.60058  -1.518
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context24  0.25284    0.85320   0.296
##                                                 Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                       0.0387 *  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                          1.31e-09 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                    0.7516    
## Context22                                         0.4073    
## Context23                                         0.7486    
## Context24                                         0.8767    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1             0.6800    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context22                  0.4162    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context23                  0.4922    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Context24                  0.6148    
## Boundary_Type1:Context22                          0.6412    
## Boundary_Type1:Context23                          0.9657    
## Boundary_Type1:Context24                          0.8541    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context22   0.5392    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context23   0.1291    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Context24   0.7670    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

Participant Variables: Predictors

Correlation Individual Differences

Take with a grain of salt, these scores are the “grob” ones coded during the experiment and for some participants there are missing values (for unsure codes), but this should be fairly close to what the final coded values will be.

Phonological Awareness by Word Candidate Length by Boundary Type

Phoneme Manipulation task score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Phoneme_Manipulation.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8381.8   8449.7  -4180.9   8361.8     6592 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.9427 -0.9055  0.4601  0.8047  3.3645 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1878   0.4334  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6548   0.8092  
## Number of obs: 6602, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 88
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                               Estimate
## (Intercept)                                                   0.188703
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                       -0.500125
## Boundary_Type1                                                0.048305
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                        0.025084
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                        -0.027990
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                -0.023853
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                        -0.002977
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c -0.006777
##                                                              Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                                    0.098781   1.910
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                         0.053944  -9.271
## Boundary_Type1                                                 0.053857   0.897
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                         0.027195   0.922
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                          0.107504  -0.260
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                  0.016165  -1.476
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                          0.016154  -0.184
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c   0.032478  -0.209
##                                                              Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                                    0.0561 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                         <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                                 0.3698    
## Phoneme_Manipulation.c                                         0.3563    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                          0.7946    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                  0.1400    
## Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c                          0.8538    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Phoneme_Manipulation.c   0.8347    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 Phn_M. Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:P B_T1:P
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.005                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.006                                            
## Phnm_Mnplt.   0.002 -0.006   0.001                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.001  0.004  -0.015  0.000                             
## W_C_L1:P_M.  -0.005 -0.001   0.004 -0.010  0.001                      
## Bnd_T1:P_M.   0.001  0.005   0.005  0.003 -0.014       -0.018         
## W_C_L1:B_T1:  0.000  0.008  -0.017 -0.001 -0.006        0.011   -0.034

Onset/Rhyme Score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * Onset_Rhyme.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8278.2   8346.1  -4129.1   8258.2     6519 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8223 -0.9015  0.4573  0.8015  3.3347 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1879   0.4334  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6706   0.8189  
## Number of obs: 6529, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 87
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                      Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                          0.185508   0.100183
## Word_Candidate_Length1                              -0.492206   0.054318
## Boundary_Type1                                       0.047666   0.054167
## Onset_Rhyme.c                                       -0.011122   0.021703
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1               -0.016264   0.108189
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Onset_Rhyme.c                -0.039975   0.012667
## Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c                        -0.007241   0.012651
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c  0.019612   0.025286
##                                                     z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                           1.852   0.0641 .  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                               -9.062   <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                        0.880   0.3789    
## Onset_Rhyme.c                                        -0.512   0.6083    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                -0.150   0.8805    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Onset_Rhyme.c                 -3.156   0.0016 ** 
## Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c                         -0.572   0.5671    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:Onset_Rhyme.c   0.776   0.4380    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 Ons_R. Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:O B_T1:O
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.004                                            
## Onst_Rhym.c   0.005 -0.002   0.001                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.001  0.003  -0.013  0.001                             
## W_C_L1:O_R.  -0.003  0.011   0.003 -0.006  0.002                      
## Bnd_T1:O_R.   0.001  0.003   0.004  0.002 -0.011       -0.001         
## W_C_L1:B_T1:  0.001  0.004  -0.011  0.000  0.008        0.005   -0.021

Grade

Approximation for now for L1 knowledge

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * DEMO_SchoolGrade +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8485.7   8553.8  -4232.8   8465.7     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8949 -0.9072  0.4598  0.8059  3.4763 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1883   0.4340  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6474   0.8046  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                                       Estimate
## (Intercept)                                                            0.11898
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                                -0.36859
## Boundary_Type1                                                         0.04039
## DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                                        0.15243
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                                  0.01635
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                -0.28392
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                         0.02545
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class -0.09037
##                                                                       Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                                              0.12712
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                                   0.07246
## Boundary_Type1                                                           0.07239
## DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                                          0.17992
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                                    0.14485
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                   0.10757
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                           0.10718
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class    0.21465
##                                                                       z value
## (Intercept)                                                             0.936
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                                 -5.087
## Boundary_Type1                                                          0.558
## DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                                         0.847
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                                   0.113
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                 -2.639
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                          0.237
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class  -0.421
##                                                                       Pr(>|z|)
## (Intercept)                                                            0.34929
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                                3.64e-07
## Boundary_Type1                                                         0.57689
## DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                                        0.39689
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                                  0.91012
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                 0.00831
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                         0.81231
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class  0.67375
##                                                                          
## (Intercept)                                                              
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                                ***
## Boundary_Type1                                                           
## DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                                          
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                                    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                ** 
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class                           
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_SchoolGrade2nd grade/class    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 DEMO_g W_C_L1: W_C_L1:Dg B_T1:g
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  0.000                                               
## Bondry_Typ1  0.000 -0.005                                        
## DEMO_ScG2g/ -0.638  0.000   0.000                                
## W_C_L1:B_T1  0.000  0.003  -0.003  0.000                         
## W_C_L1:DEMg  0.000 -0.673   0.004 -0.005 -0.004                  
## B_T1:DEMO_g  0.000  0.004  -0.674  0.001  0.002  -0.008          
## W_C_L1:B_Tg  0.000  0.000   0.002 -0.002 -0.676   0.006    -0.018

Age

Approximation for now for L1 knowledge

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Word_Candidate_Length * Boundary_Type * DEMO_AgeYears.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8215.2   8282.9  -4097.6   8195.2     6442 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0496 -0.9106  0.4723  0.8074  3.2777 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1850   0.4302  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6304   0.7940  
## Number of obs: 6452, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 86
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                        Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                            0.195810   0.098176
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                -0.504853   0.054511
## Boundary_Type1                                         0.042503   0.054287
## DEMO_AgeYears.c                                        0.088008   0.119517
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                  0.002873   0.108504
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                -0.179570   0.072193
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                        -0.022144   0.071928
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c -0.081522   0.144119
##                                                       z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                             1.994   0.0461 *  
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                 -9.261   <2e-16 ***
## Boundary_Type1                                          0.783   0.4337    
## DEMO_AgeYears.c                                         0.736   0.4615    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1                   0.026   0.9789    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                 -2.487   0.0129 *  
## Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c                         -0.308   0.7582    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Boundary_Type1:DEMO_AgeYears.c  -0.566   0.5716    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Wr_C_L1 Bnd_T1 DEMO_A Wr_C_L1:B_T1 W_C_L1:D B_T1:D
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.005                                                   
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001 -0.004                                            
## DEMO_AgYrs.   0.006 -0.005   0.000                                    
## Wr_C_L1:B_T1 -0.002  0.004  -0.016 -0.001                             
## W_C_L1:DEMO  -0.004  0.005   0.002 -0.006  0.000                      
## B_T1:DEMO_A   0.000  0.004  -0.005  0.001 -0.015       -0.011         
## W_C_L1:B_T1: -0.001  0.003  -0.012 -0.003 -0.003        0.005   -0.020

German Production CLT

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * Ger_CLT_Prod.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8489.9   8557.9  -4234.9   8469.9     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8604 -0.9081  0.4611  0.8077  3.2479 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1869   0.4323  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6503   0.8064  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                      Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                           0.18615    0.09801
## Boundary_Type1                                        0.05150    0.05344
## Word_Candidate_Length1                               -0.49800    0.05360
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                       -0.03224    0.04376
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                -0.02413    0.10672
## Boundary_Type1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                        -0.01769    0.02609
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                -0.03004    0.02621
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c  0.06211    0.05223
##                                                      z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                            1.899   0.0575 .  
## Boundary_Type1                                         0.964   0.3351    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                -9.291   <2e-16 ***
## Ger_CLT_Prod.c                                        -0.737   0.4612    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                 -0.226   0.8211    
## Boundary_Type1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                         -0.678   0.4976    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c                 -1.146   0.2517    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:Ger_CLT_Prod.c   1.189   0.2343    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 G_CLT_ Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:G W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001                                                  
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004 -0.005                                           
## Gr_CLT_Prd.   0.007  0.000  0.000                                    
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.002 -0.014  0.004   0.001                            
## B_T1:G_CLT_   0.000  0.005  0.003  -0.004 -0.001                     
## W_C_L1:G_CL   0.002  0.002  0.008  -0.006 -0.002        0.001        
## B_T1:W_C_L1:  0.001  0.001  0.003  -0.002  0.006       -0.023 -0.017

Participant Variables: Exploratory

Language Background (Monolingual, Bilingual)

## # A tibble: 2 × 2
##   LANG_Bilingual total_participants
##   <fct>                       <int>
## 1 monolingual                    71
## 2 bilingual                      18

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.           group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df      p
## * <chr>         <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>
## 1 DEMO_AgeYears monolingual bilingual    69    17      2.41  29.8 0.0223

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.       group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>     <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 RAVENS_IQ monolingual bilingual    69    17     -1.06  23.2 0.298

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.              group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>            <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 WM_BackDigitSpan monolingual bilingual    71    18      1.07  22.5 0.295

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.          group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df      p
## * <chr>        <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>
## 1 Ger_CLT_Prod monolingual bilingual    71    18      2.33  18.8 0.0308

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.                group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>              <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 NWRT_total_correct monolingual bilingual    71    18   -0.0452  26.1 0.964

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.                  group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>                <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Phoneme_Manipulation monolingual bilingual    70    18      1.45  27.6 0.159

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.         group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>       <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Onset_Rhyme monolingual bilingual    70    17    -0.241  27.2 0.812

## # A tibble: 1 × 8
##   .y.           group1      group2       n1    n2 statistic    df     p
## * <chr>         <chr>       <chr>     <int> <int>     <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 ENG_CLT_score monolingual bilingual    70    18    -0.390  29.1   0.7

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * LANG_Bilingual +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8489.2   8557.2  -4234.6   8469.2     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8516 -0.9084  0.4640  0.8053  3.3454 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1859   0.4312  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6516   0.8072  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                         Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                            0.1865664  0.1188525
## Boundary_Type1                                         0.0083825  0.0679625
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                -0.4345269  0.0680996
## LANG_Bilingual1                                       -0.0004755  0.2243144
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                 -0.1105025  0.1357360
## Boundary_Type1:LANG_Bilingual1                         0.1398816  0.1358056
## Word_Candidate_Length1:LANG_Bilingual1                -0.2048446  0.1370452
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:LANG_Bilingual1  0.2798635  0.2727105
##                                                       z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                             1.570    0.116    
## Boundary_Type1                                          0.123    0.902    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                 -6.381 1.76e-10 ***
## LANG_Bilingual1                                        -0.002    0.998    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                  -0.814    0.416    
## Boundary_Type1:LANG_Bilingual1                          1.030    0.303    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:LANG_Bilingual1                 -1.495    0.135    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:LANG_Bilingual1   1.026    0.305    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 LANG_B Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:L W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.002                                                  
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.005 -0.009                                           
## LANG_Blngl1  -0.565 -0.002  0.002                                    
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.003 -0.015  0.007   0.004                            
## B_T1:LANG_B  -0.001 -0.618  0.006   0.002  0.007                     
## W_C_L1:LANG   0.005  0.006 -0.617  -0.005 -0.009       -0.006        
## B_T1:W_C_L1:  0.003  0.013 -0.003  -0.005 -0.618       -0.016  0.008

English CLT

Overall performance

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * ENG_CLT_score.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8385.4   8453.3  -4182.7   8365.4     6594 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.9186 -0.9074  0.4572  0.8099  3.4933 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1837   0.4286  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6076   0.7795  
## Number of obs: 6604, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 88
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                        Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                            0.183424   0.095844
## Boundary_Type1                                         0.051868   0.053742
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                -0.502429   0.053964
## ENG_CLT_score.c                                        0.022408   0.008680
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                 -0.035509   0.107466
## Boundary_Type1:ENG_CLT_score.c                        -0.002542   0.005313
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ENG_CLT_score.c                -0.006346   0.005317
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:ENG_CLT_score.c  0.016653   0.010641
##                                                       z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                             1.914  0.05565 .  
## Boundary_Type1                                          0.965  0.33448    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                 -9.310  < 2e-16 ***
## ENG_CLT_score.c                                         2.582  0.00984 ** 
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                  -0.330  0.74108    
## Boundary_Type1:ENG_CLT_score.c                         -0.478  0.63239    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:ENG_CLT_score.c                 -1.194  0.23265    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:ENG_CLT_score.c   1.565  0.11757    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 ENG_CL Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:E W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.000                                                  
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.005 -0.003                                           
## ENG_CLT_sc.   0.003  0.001 -0.010                                    
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.001 -0.016  0.003   0.000                            
## B_T1:ENG_CL   0.001 -0.009  0.003   0.001 -0.021                     
## W_C_L1:ENG_  -0.007  0.002 -0.014  -0.004  0.001        0.002        
## B_T1:W_C_L1:  0.000 -0.022  0.004   0.002 -0.016       -0.017  0.004

Ravens Matricies IQ score

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * RAVENS_IQ.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8219.9   8287.6  -4099.9   8199.9     6442 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0172 -0.9143  0.4726  0.8087  3.2118 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1838   0.4287  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6296   0.7935  
## Number of obs: 6452, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 86
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                     Estimate Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                        0.1945293  0.0980717   1.984
## Boundary_Type1                                     0.0424807  0.0542556   0.783
## Word_Candidate_Length1                            -0.5049345  0.0544841  -9.268
## RAVENS_IQ.c                                       -0.0066068  0.0076542  -0.863
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1              0.0013506  0.1084486   0.012
## Boundary_Type1:RAVENS_IQ.c                         0.0005714  0.0046341   0.123
## Word_Candidate_Length1:RAVENS_IQ.c                -0.0028034  0.0046621  -0.601
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:RAVENS_IQ.c  0.0105424  0.0092826   1.136
##                                                   Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                         0.0473 *  
## Boundary_Type1                                      0.4336    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                              <2e-16 ***
## RAVENS_IQ.c                                         0.3881    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1               0.9901    
## Boundary_Type1:RAVENS_IQ.c                          0.9019    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:RAVENS_IQ.c                  0.5476    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:RAVENS_IQ.c   0.2561    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 RAVENS Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:R W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001                                                  
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004 -0.004                                           
## RAVENS_IQ.c   0.001 -0.001  0.003                                    
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.002 -0.015  0.004   0.000                            
## B_T1:RAVENS  -0.002 -0.006  0.000  -0.001  0.002                     
## W_C_L1:RAVE   0.000  0.000 -0.006  -0.002 -0.003       -0.002        
## B_T1:W_C_L1:  0.000  0.000 -0.010  -0.002 -0.006       -0.008 -0.004

Backwards Digit Span

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * WM_BackDigitSpan.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8488.1   8556.1  -4234.0   8468.1     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -3.8268 -0.9067  0.4622  0.8102  3.3790 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1872   0.4327  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6526   0.8079  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                          Estimate Std. Error
## (Intercept)                                               0.18689    0.09816
## Boundary_Type1                                            0.05204    0.05345
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                   -0.49646    0.05361
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                       -0.03458    0.10211
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                    -0.02534    0.10675
## Boundary_Type1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                         0.03704    0.06345
## Word_Candidate_Length1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                -0.13924    0.06358
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c -0.06499    0.12686
##                                                          z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                                1.904   0.0569 .  
## Boundary_Type1                                             0.974   0.3302    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                    -9.260   <2e-16 ***
## WM_BackDigitSpan.c                                        -0.339   0.7349    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                     -0.237   0.8124    
## Boundary_Type1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                          0.584   0.5593    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c                 -2.190   0.0285 *  
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:WM_BackDigitSpan.c  -0.512   0.6084    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 WM_BDS Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:WM W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001                                                   
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004 -0.006                                            
## WM_BckDgtS.   0.006  0.002 -0.003                                     
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.002 -0.015  0.005  -0.002                             
## B_T1:WM_BDS   0.002 -0.008 -0.008   0.001 -0.010                      
## W_C_L1:WM_B  -0.002 -0.007 -0.010  -0.010  0.005       -0.003         
## B_T1:W_C_L1: -0.002 -0.010  0.009   0.000 -0.010       -0.031   0.004

NonWord Repetition Task

## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: 
## detection ~ 1 + Boundary_Type * Word_Candidate_Length * NWRT_total_correct.c +  
##     (1 | subject_nr) + (1 | Sentence_Num)
##    Data: Pseg_Htest
## Control: glmerControl(optimizer = "bobyqa")
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##   8492.6   8560.7  -4236.3   8472.6     6670 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.0804 -0.9077  0.4648  0.8087  3.3728 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Sentence_Num (Intercept) 0.1872   0.4327  
##  subject_nr   (Intercept) 0.6522   0.8076  
## Number of obs: 6680, groups:  Sentence_Num, 120; subject_nr, 89
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                                                              Estimate
## (Intercept)                                                 0.1868769
## Boundary_Type1                                              0.0520923
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                     -0.4978396
## NWRT_total_correct.c                                        0.0087486
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                      -0.0244978
## Boundary_Type1:NWRT_total_correct.c                         0.0009588
## Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c                -0.0048034
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c -0.0479685
##                                                            Std. Error z value
## (Intercept)                                                 0.0981269   1.904
## Boundary_Type1                                              0.0534284   0.975
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                      0.0535850  -9.291
## NWRT_total_correct.c                                        0.0434892   0.201
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                       0.1066973  -0.230
## Boundary_Type1:NWRT_total_correct.c                         0.0256539   0.037
## Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c                 0.0257258  -0.187
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c  0.0513708  -0.934
##                                                            Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)                                                  0.0569 .  
## Boundary_Type1                                               0.3296    
## Word_Candidate_Length1                                       <2e-16 ***
## NWRT_total_correct.c                                         0.8406    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1                        0.8184    
## Boundary_Type1:NWRT_total_correct.c                          0.9702    
## Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c                  0.8519    
## Boundary_Type1:Word_Candidate_Length1:NWRT_total_correct.c   0.3504    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##              (Intr) Bnd_T1 Wr_C_L1 NWRT__ Bn_T1:W_C_L1 B_T1:N W_C_L1:
## Bondry_Typ1   0.001                                                  
## Wrd_Cndd_L1  -0.004 -0.006                                           
## NWRT_ttl_c.   0.006  0.001 -0.002                                    
## Bn_T1:W_C_L1 -0.002 -0.014  0.005   0.000                            
## B_T1:NWRT__   0.001 -0.003  0.001   0.000 -0.007                     
## W_C_L1:NWRT  -0.002  0.001 -0.007  -0.006  0.003       -0.009        
## B_T1:W_C_L1:  0.001 -0.010  0.003  -0.003 -0.005       -0.018  0.000